AWL (AIRCRAFT WARNING LIGHTS)
ICAO AERODROMES, ANNEX 14
EDITION 2004
The ICAO rules, are internationally recognized and applied for designing of aircraft warning lights system. How determineted by rules is the minimun requested; an aeronautic study can determine a superior system class. Here below are described only vertical structures (flares and stack).
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BEACONS |
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divided for color and intensity |
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| TYPE | DESCRIPTION | COLOR |
INTENSITY(candles) |
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| fixed | flash | night | twilight | day | ||
| LIOL A | Low Intensity Obstruction Light | RED | >10 | |||
| LIOL B | Low Intensity Obstruction Light | RED | >32 | |||
| MIOL A | Medium Intensity Obstruction Light | WHITE | >2.000 | >20.000 | >20.000 | |
| MIOL B | Medium Intensity Obstruction Light | RED | >2.000 | |||
| MIOL C | Medium Intensity Obstruction Light | RED | >2.000 | |||
| HIOL A | High Intensity Obstruction Light | WHITE | >2.000 | >20.000 | >200.000 | |
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AMBIENT INTENSITY |
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ambient background lighting |
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DAY |
>500 candles/m2 |
| TWILIGHT |
between 50 and 500 candles/m2 |
| NIGHT |
<50 candles/m2 |
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OBSTACLE MARKING |
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MARKED |
When the structure is painted red and white |
| NOT MARKED | When the structure is not painted |
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OBSTACLE ELEVATION |
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<45m |
When structure elevation does not exceed 45 meters |
| >45m <105m | When structure elevation is between 45 and 105 meters |
| >105m <150m | When structure elevation is between 105 and 150 meters |
| >150m | When structure elevation exceed 150 meters |
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FLASHING TYPE |
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SYNCRONOUS: For a sole fixed obstacle. All the aircraft warning lights must flash simuntaniously (not random). |
| CATENARY: For two or more structures have between them an obstacle fixed or mobile. The aircraft warning lights must flash sequenciatly (not random). |
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BEACONS ORIENTATION |
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Obstacle must be visible by aircraft from every directions approaches, on horizontal plane (360°); 10° on vertical for type LIOLB and 3°-7° for other types. |
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VERTICAL STRUCTURES BEACONS' SELECTION |
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ELEVATION |
MARKED | LIOL-A/B | MIOL-A | MIOL-B/C | HIOL-A |
| <45m | yes | only night | |||
| <45m | no | only night | |||
| >45m <105m | yes | only night (1) | only night (2) | ||
| >45m <105m | yes | only night | |||
| >45m <105m | no | day night | |||
| >105m <150m | yes | only night (1) | only night (2) | ||
| >105m <150m | yes | only night | |||
| >105m <150m | no | day night | |||
| >150m | yes | only night (1) (3) | only night (2) | ||
| >150m | yes | only night (3) | |||
| >150m | yes | day night (4) | |||
| >150m | no | day night (3) | |||
| >150m | no | day night (4) | |||
| (1) LOWER LEVEL |
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(2) UPPER LEVEL |
| (3) MORE THAN ONE LEVEL (DISTANCE BETWEEN LEVELS 52m MAX) |
| (4) MORE THAN ONE LEVEL (DISTANCE BETWEEN LEVELS 75m MAX) |
